Journal: Journal of Virology
Article Title: Modeling the Early Events of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection In Vitro
doi: 10.1128/jvi.80.6.2684-2693.2006
Figure Lengend Snippet: FIG. 4. Chemotactic response of human peripheral blood leuko- cytes to chemokines secreted by SARS-CoV- or CoV-229E-infected A549 cells. (A) Human peripheral blood leukocytes or activated T cells (1 106) were loaded onto inserts in wells containing culture super- natants from uninfected, SARS-CoV-infected, or CoV-229E-infected A549 cells and incubated for 15, 30, or 60 min (peripheral blood leukocytes) or 180 min (activated T cells). After incubation, migrated cells in the wells were collected, counted, and stained with Leu’s stain. Neutrophils (left panel), monocytes (middle panel), and activated T cells (right panel) that migrated to the lower chamber after exposure to supernatants from uninfected cells (dark bars), CoV-229E-infected cells (gray bars), and SARS-CoV-infected cells (empty bars) were enumerated. Cell numbers in at least five fields at a magnification of 200 were counted. The experiment was repeated two times and results of one representative experiment are shown. , P 0.01; #, P 0.05. (B) Supernatants collected from SARS-CoV- and CoV- 229E-infected A549 cells were preincubated with 5, 10, or 20 mg/ml of anti-CXCL8, anti-CCL2, and anti-CCL5 antibodies singly or in com- bination for 30 min at room temperature before the experiment. The experiment was performed as described for panel A. , P 0.01. Error bars indicate standard deviations.
Article Snippet: The WBC 264-9C cell line (ATCC; a macrophage-like cell line derived by fusion of normal human peripheral blood leukocytes with the mouse RAW 264 macrophage cell line) was cultured in Eagle’s minimal essential medium containing 10% heat-inactivated FBS, penicillin (100 IU/ml), and streptomycin (100 g/ml).
Techniques: Infection, Incubation, Staining